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Nächste Überarbeitung		Vorhergehende Überarbeitung
en:ermittlung_der_materialdaten [2026/05/10 23:37] – deppe2en:ermittlung_der_materialdaten [2026/05/27 23:33] (aktuell) – [Filled polymers] deppe2
Zeile 460: Zeile 460:
 Here, $\rho_{Mix}$ is obtained by linear averaging of **Calculation Types I and II**. Here, $\rho_{Mix}$ is obtained by linear averaging of **Calculation Types I and II**.
  
-======Polymer blends======+=====Polymer blends=====
  
 To describe the material behavior of polymer blends, the same material properties must be investigated and characterized as for neat polymers. To describe the material behavior of polymer blends, the same material properties must be investigated and characterized as for neat polymers.
Zeile 478: Zeile 478:
  
 These sinusoidal capillary waves or filament neckings are captured at large time intervals and evaluated by computer analysis. These sinusoidal capillary waves or filament neckings are captured at large time intervals and evaluated by computer analysis.
- 
-FIXME PLATZHALTER ABBILDUNG 111: Versuchsaufbau zur Erfassung und Auswertung von dispersen Fadenzerfallsprozessen mit einem Heiztisch zur Bestimmung der Grenzflächenspannung 
  
 For the filament, the initial diameter $D_0$, the wavelength $λ$, as well as the maximum and minimum filament diameters $D_{max}$ and $D_{min}$ are measured. The following figure shows the characteristic form of such a capillary wave with its relevant dimensions for theoretical consideration. For the filament, the initial diameter $D_0$, the wavelength $λ$, as well as the maximum and minimum filament diameters $D_{max}$ and $D_{min}$ are measured. The following figure shows the characteristic form of such a capillary wave with its relevant dimensions for theoretical consideration.
Zeile 512: Zeile 510:
  
 $$γ_{12} (T) = γ_{12.0} - γ_{12.m} \cdot T$$ $$γ_{12} (T) = γ_{12.0} - γ_{12.m} \cdot T$$
- 
-FIXME PLATZHALTER ABBILDUNG 114: Dimensionslose Wachstumsrate als Funktion der Wellenzahl X und des Viskositätsverhältnisses p 
  
 Here, $γ_{12.0}$ represents the intercept of the approximation function with the ordinate, while $γ_{12.m}$ corresponds to the slope of this function. The following figure illustrates the typical course of interfacial tension $γ_{12}$ as a function of temperature $T$ for a polypropylene (PP) / polyamide (PA6) blend. Here, $γ_{12.0}$ represents the intercept of the approximation function with the ordinate, while $γ_{12.m}$ corresponds to the slope of this function. The following figure illustrates the typical course of interfacial tension $γ_{12}$ as a function of temperature $T$ for a polypropylene (PP) / polyamide (PA6) blend.
Zeile 664: Zeile 660:
 The mercury intrusion method, proposed by Washburn in 1921 [[en:ermittlung_der_materialdaten#references|[Was21]]], is suitable for determining pore volume and pore size distribution. Mercury exhibits very poor wetting behavior and envelopes the agglomerates. The volume of mercury displaced by the agglomerate is measured with the mercury porosimeter illustrated in the figure. The mercury intrusion method, proposed by Washburn in 1921 [[en:ermittlung_der_materialdaten#references|[Was21]]], is suitable for determining pore volume and pore size distribution. Mercury exhibits very poor wetting behavior and envelopes the agglomerates. The volume of mercury displaced by the agglomerate is measured with the mercury porosimeter illustrated in the figure.
  
-FIXME PLATZHALTER ABBILDUNG 121: Quecksilber-Porosimeter [[en:ermittlung_der_materialdaten#references|[PHS79]]]. +If the true solid density is known, the agglomerate density can be calculated in accordance with DIN 53193 or DIN 51057 from the displaced volume and the mass difference. Depending on the applied pressure, mercury penetrates into smaller pores in accordance with the Gauss–Laplace equation **(4.75)**:
- +
-If the true solid density is known, the agglomerate density can be calculated in accordance with DIN 53193 or DIN 51057 from the displaced volume and the mass difference. Depending on the applied pressure, mercury penetrates into smaller pores in accordance with the Gauss–Laplace equation FIXME**(5.75)**:+
  
-$$p = \frac {2σcos(Θ)}{r}$$+$$p = \frac {2σcos(Θ)}{r} \tag{4.75}$$
  
 with $p$ = applied pressure, $σ$ = surface tension of mercury, $Θ$ = contact angle of mercury, and $r$ = pore radius. with $p$ = applied pressure, $σ$ = surface tension of mercury, $Θ$ = contact angle of mercury, and $r$ = pore radius.